(1)温度传感器的分类 温度传感器有线绕电阻式、热敏电阻式、扩散电阻式和热电耦式等,以热电偶、热电阻所用最多。1)热电偶。热电偶将两种不同性质的金属贴合在一起,当环境温度变化时,在其结合面上将产生电位差,这一原理可以用来测量温度。2)热敏电阻。热敏电阻利用导体的电阻随温度变化而变化的特性来测量温度。热敏电阻是属于在温度变化时电阻值变化较大(温度系数大)的一种硅半导体,由镍、铜、锌、镁、锰等金属与一些金属氧化物以适当比例混合并在高温下烧结而成。所掺金属氧化物的比例和烧结温度的不同,可制成用于不同温度范围的热敏电阻。在一般情况下,将工作运行温度范围在-20~130℃的半导体用作水温传感器;将工作运行温度范围在600~1000℃的半导体用作检测触媒温度的传感器(如排气温度传感器)。按电阻值随温度变化的特性,可将热敏电阻分为NTC型、PTC型和CRT型三类。①NTC(负温度系数)型随着温度上升电阻值减小的热敏电阻。②PTC(正温度系数)型随着温度上升电阻值增大的热敏电阻。③CRT(临界温度系数)型随着温度上升电阻值按指数函数减小的热敏电阻。在上述三种热敏电阻中,NTC型热敏电阻较多地应用于机传感器。在工程上,热敏电阻可根据需要制成各种不同形状,其可测阻值范围在几欧姆至几兆欧姆。NTC热敏电阻温度传感器线性较差,利用铂丝电阻随温度线性变化的特性可制成铂热敏电阻传感器。(2)水温和润滑油温度传感器 水温传感器一般安装在缸体水套、缸体出水口上,与冷却水接触,以尽量准确地检测到缸体水温的状况,机油温度传感器则可安装于机油冷却器等处。温度传感器总成一般是由垫圈、水温传感器、导线接头三部分组成。1)NTC型传感器。NTC热敏电阻式温度传感器内部是一个半导体热敏电阻,具有负的温度电阻系数,可用于测量水温和油温。水温、油温愈低,电阻愈高;反之,温度愈高,电阻愈低,温度传感器可以与水温表、油温表连接,也可与机ECU连接。以水温传感器为例,当与水温表连接时,若外壳搭铁,则可只用一根连线。水温传感器与水温表的组合可分为热敏电阻式传感器与双金属片式水温表、热敏电阻式传感器与电磁式水温表、热敏电阻式传感器与动磁式水温表等数种。其中热敏电阻式传感器与双金属片式水温表的线路连接。当水温低时,热敏电阻值高,回路中电流较小,电阻丝的发热量小,双金属片稍有弯曲,指示针在低温区(C区)。当水温高时,热敏电阻值小,通过回路的电流较大,电阻丝的发热量较大,双金属片弯曲变形较大,指示针指向高温区(H区)。水温传感器和机ECU的连接。传感器的热敏电阻与ECU内部上拉电阻分压后,产生一个随热敏电阻阻值的变化而变化的电压、机ECU根据这一电压的变化测得机冷却水温度。有些水温传感器包括2个热敏电阻,有4个接线柱(四线型),2个接柱与机ECU连接,另外2个接柱与水温表连接。1、3接线柱与机ECU连接,向ECU提供水温信号。2、4接线柱与水温表连接,显示水温读数。开关型水温传感器。双金属片式水温传感器可构成开关型传感器,可与水温过高报警灯连接。当冷却水温正常时双金属片变形小,触点分开,报警灯不亮。如果冷却水温升高到95~105℃以上,双金属片由于温度升高而弯曲变形较大,使触点闭合,报警灯电路接通发亮。
动力设备(深圳)有限公司,集团旗下专业运营齐齐哈尔干式变压器的销售业务及其售后服务,是中国区获得授权的齐齐哈尔干式变压器OEM成套厂家,长期与中字央企、大型房地产商、国际连锁酒店、著名建筑企业等单位建立战略合作伙伴关系。动力在中国布局五大齐齐哈尔干式变压器组生产基地,齐齐哈尔干式变压器售后服务点可辐射中国各省会及地级市区域。?齐齐哈尔干式变压器区分:移动式齐齐哈尔干式变压器、固定式齐齐哈尔干式变压器、超静音式齐齐哈尔干式变压器、机组载式齐齐哈尔干式变压器。?常见齐齐哈尔干式变压器功率(千瓦)范围:50KW至1000KW功率段。更多有关齐齐哈尔干式变压器的最新产品和技术内容,请登录齐齐哈尔干式变压器官网:
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