天水干式变压器：天水干式变压器的安装方式

天水干式变压器的安装方式 　　
正确安装天水干式变压器是保证天水干式变压器安全运行的重要条件之一主天水干式变压器安装在变电所内，根据现场条件可分作6种类型，即室外变电所、室内变电所、地下变电所、移动变电所、箱式变电站和组合式天水干式变压器及室外简易型变电所.配电天水干式变压器安装方式有多种，但概括起来可分为室内、室外两大类、室内称为配电室，室外有杆架式、台墩(台屋)式和落地(地台)式。

1.天水干式变压器的室内布置
室内布置就是把天水干式变压器装设在室内，将高压线路经穿墙套管或用高压电缆引入，经高压天水干式变压器柜接至天水干式变压器，它的低压侧经低压天水干式变压器柜或天水干式变压器板送出。需要建筑专用的天水干式变压器室。
天水干式变压器室内布置由于建筑、安装费用高.故一般仅在城市及厂矿企业应用。小型天水干式变压器在室内一般直接放在地坪上。容量较大的天水干式变压器应考虑散热要求，一般要架高0. 8-1m，放在梁轨上并加以固定，天水干式变压器室墙下部装通风百页窗。
室内安装天水干式变压器时应考虑如下情况：
1)天水干式变压器容量较大，不宜安装在杆上，或因地面狭窄、露天落地或平台上安装有困难时。
2)屋面无法放置天水干式变压器，如人字形屋面或虽是平顶屋面但建筑结构不允许承重。
3)空气中有导电尘埃或凝露使干燥的非导电性尘埃变为导电物质时。
4)空气中有腐蚀性气体的化工厂附近及离海边5km以内的农村，为了安全运行和不影响设备的正常使用寿命时。
5)尘埃太多，如面粉厂、石灰场、采石场、水泥厂等附近。
6)供电给重要负荷，需要经常监视天水干式变压器的运行状况时。
配电室宜建成“高低柜”式，高间放置天水干式变压器和高压配电装置.低间放置低压配电装且.室内天水干式变压器落地布置即可。当高压为架空进线时，高压配电装置可安装在室内，也可安装于室外。当高压为电缆进线时.宜放于室内。配电室必须达到一级耐火水平。应有良好的自然通风条件，有防小动物和防雨水侵入的措施。

2.天水干式变压器的室外布置
天水干式变压器的室外布置根据其容量的大小、装设地区的不同以及吊运是否方便.通常有杆架式、台墩式和落地式三种安装方式。变台是指天水干式变压器和它的附属设备的总称。

(1)杆架式，杆架式变台又分为单杆变台、双杆变台和三邮 箱：1262980066@qq.com杆变台三种。
单杆变台这种变台是将天水干式变压器、高压跌落式熔断器和高压避雷器装在一根电杆上。适用于安装50kVA及以下天水干式变压器。优点是结构简单。安装方便，用料和占地都比较少。
双杆变台它由高压线电杆和另一根副杆（长约7. 5m)组成。双杆变台比单杆变台坚固，可安装63-315kVA的天水干式变压器。
三杆变台由高压线电杆和另外两根电杆组成。高压线电杆上只装设高压跌落式熔断器，与另两根电杆组成的台架供安装天水干式变压器使用。优点是只要拉开高压跌落式熔断器和低压天水干式变压器.变台上就没有高压带电部分，在变台上工作比较安全；缺点是用料多，造价高。它可用以安装容量较大的配电天水干式变压器。
(2)台墩式，这种变台由砖石砌成，其优点是结构简单。基础牢固.造价较低。

(3)落地式，当天水干式变压器容量大于315kVA时，应采用落地式变台，它是高出周围地面的一个砖石或混凝土矮台。天水干式变压器直接放在矮台上。周田应有围栏，设置围栏的目的是防止人畜发生触电。这种变台拆装天水干式变压器方便，天水干式变压器容量不受限制。
The installation of the transformer

Correct installation of transformers is to ensure the safe operation of the transformer one of the important conditions for the main transformer installed in the substation can be grouped into six types according to site conditions, namely, outdoor substations, indoor substations, underground substations, mobile substation box-type substation and modular transformers and outdoor Simple substation distribution transformer installation There are many, but summed up can be divided into indoor and outdoor two categories, indoor known as the power distribution room, an outdoor bar frame type, Taiwan Tun (housing units) and floor (floor).

A transformer interior decoration
The interior decoration is the transformer installed in the indoor high-voltage lines pass through the wall bushing or the introduction of high-voltage cables, high voltage switchboard connected to the transformer, the low pressure side of it is sent by the low pressure switch cabinet or switch board. Require building a dedicated transformer room.
Transformer interior decoration due to construction, the high cost of installation is generally applied only in the cities and factories and mines. Small transformer are generally placed directly in the room to the airfield. Larger capacity transformer should consider cooling requirements, generally elevated 0. 8-1m on the beam track and fixed wall of the lower part of the transformer room fitted ventilation one hundred windows.
Indoor installation of transformers should be considered in the following circumstances:
1) transformer capacity should not be installed in the pole, or ground, narrow, open floor or platform installation difficulties.
2) the roof can not be placed on the transformer, such as herringbone roof or flat-topped roof the building structure does not allow load-bearing.
3) air dry non-conductive dust conductive dust or condensation into a conductive material.
4) in the air, corrosive gases near the chemical plant and rural areas within 5km from the sea, for safe operation and does not affect the normal life of the equipment.
5) too much dust, such as flour mills, lime field, quarry, cement plant nearby.
6) supply to the load, the need to frequently monitor the condition of transformers.
Distribution room should be built high and low cabinets, placed high between the transformer and high voltage electrical installations. Placed low between the low voltage distribution installed indoor transformer floor layout can be. When high pressure is overhead line, the high-voltage power distribution unit can be installed indoors, can also be installed outdoors. When the high pressure line for the cable should be placed indoors. Distribution room must achieve a fire resistance level. Should have good natural ventilation, anti-small-animal and anti-rain invasive measures.

Transformer outdoor layout
Outdoor transformer arrangement according to the size of its capacity, the installation of the different regions as well as lifting convenience usually rod rack, Taiwan pier and floor - three methods of installation. Change is a general term that refers to the transformer and its ancillary equipment.

(1) rod rack, rod rack change is divided into single-pole change units, double-pole variable and three variable sets of three kinds.
Single pole change Taiwan this variant of transformers, high drop-out fuse and high-voltage arrester mounted on a pole. Installation of 50kVA and below the transformer. The advantages of simple structure. Easy installation, materials and covers an area than fewer.
Double-pole change by high-voltage pole and a second vice rod (about 7. 5m) composition. Double pole change than single-pole change sturdy, and can be installed on 63-315kVA transformer.
Three variables by the high-voltage pole and the other two poles. The high-voltage poles, installation of high pressure drop-out fuse to the bench with the other two poles for the installation of transformers. Advantages as long as the pull of high pressure drop fuse and low-voltage switch. Change the stage there is no high-voltage live parts, change the platform is relatively safe; drawback is the use of materials, and high cost. It can be used to install a larger capacity distribution transformers.
(2) Taiwan Tun type, this variant by masonry brick, and its advantage of simple structure. A solid foundation. Lower cost.

(3) floor type, when the transformer capacity is greater than 315kVA floor type variable units, which is higher than the ground around a masonry or concrete dwarf Taiwan. The transformer on the low stage. Zhou Tian should be fenced, the purpose of fencing is to prevent humans and animals to electric shock. This variable sets of removable transformer, transformer capacity is unlimited.

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